Solid State Thin Film Batteries: Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, Worldwide, 2015 to 2021

Solid State Thin Film Battery Executive Summary 24

Solid State Thin Film Battery Market 24

Polymer Film Substrate for Flexible Thin Battery 24

Thin Film Battery Market Driving Forces 25

Smarter Computing Market Driving Forces 26

Thin Film Batteries Market Shares 33

Solid State Thin Film Batteries Market Forecasts 35

1. Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Description And Market Dynamics 37

1.1 Solid State Thin Film Batteries Provide Board Level Back-up 37

1.1.1 Intelligent Systems: The Next Era of IT Leverages Thin Film Batteries 38

1.1.2 Cloud and Virtualization 39

1.2 Thin Film Battery Target Markets 40

1.1.3 Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors 41

1.3 Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries 42

1.1.4 World Economic Growth 42

1.4 Challenges in Battery and Battery System Design 43

1.5 Types of Batteries 45

1.1.5 Lead-Acid Batteries 46

1.1.6 Nickel-Based Batteries 46

1.1.7 Conventional Lithium-ion Technologies 47

1.1.8 Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries 47

1.1.9 Thin Film Battery Solid State Energy Storage 48

1.1.10 Ultra Capacitors 48

1.1.11 Fuel Cells 49

1.6 Nanotechnology 49

1.1.12 Components Of A Battery 49

1.7 Applications Require On-Printed Circuit Board Battery Power 53

1.1.13 Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries 53

1.8 Battery Safety / Potential Hazards 55

1.1.14 Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction 55

1.9 Battery Is Electrochemical Device 56

1.1.15 Battery Depends On Chemical Energy 56

2. Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Shares And Forecasts 59

2.1 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market 59

2.1.1 Polymer Film Substrate for Flexible Thin Battery 59

2.1.2 Thin Film Battery Market Driving Forces 60

2.1.3 Smarter Computing Market Driving Forces 61

2.2 Thin Film Batteries Market Shares 68

2.2.1 Cymbet Corporation – 70

2.3 Solid State Thin Film Batteries Market Forecasts 71

2.3.1 Thin Film Batteries Deposited Directly Onto Chips Or Chip Packages 78

2.3.2 Thin Film, Solid State Printed Electronics Battery Market:- Bigger than the Silicon Chip 78

2.4 Smarter Computing Depends on Instrumented Devices 80

2.5 Nanotechnology Providing Next Generation Systems 82

2.6 Thin Film Battery Prices 82

2.7 Solid State Thin Film Battery Prices 86

5.1.16 Cymbet Prices 86

2.8 Solid State Thin Film Battery Regional Analysis 92

2.8.1 Geographical Region Analysis 94

3. Solid State Thin Film Battery Product Description 96

3.1 Cymbet Energizing Innovation 96

3.1.1 Cymbet EnerChip™ Smart Solid-State Battery 97

3.1.2 Cymbet EnerChip Applications 98

3.1.3 Cymbet Embedded Energy Applications 98

3.1.4 Cymbet EnerChip Battery Backup Applications 101

3.1.5 Cymbet EnerChips Battery Storage Devices For Energy Harvesting 101

3.1.6 Cymbet Solid State Energy Storage for Embedded Energy, Power Back-up and Energy Harvesting 101

3.1.7 Cymbet Energy Harvesting 104

3.1.8 Cymbet EnerChips Storage Devices for PC Printer Circuit Boards 107

3.1.9 Cymbet EnerChips ROI 108

3.1.10 Cymbet EnerChip Solid State Batteries are Fabricated and Packaged Like Other Integrated Circuits 111

3.1.11 EnerChip™ Smart Solid State Batteries 113

3.1.12 Cymbet EnerChips Charging Circuits: 115

3.1.13 Cymbet Integrates EnerChip™ Bare Die Directly into a Chip or Module 115

3.1.14 Cymbet EnerChip Charging 118

3.1.15 Cymbet Rechargeable EnerChips and Effective Capacity 119

3.1.16 Cymbet Development Support 121

3.1.17 Cymbet Zero Power Devices 121

3.1.18 ComtexCymbet EnerChip™ Thin-Film Batteries 121

3.2 Tesla / Panasonic Lithium Ion Batteries 122

3.2.1 Tesla / Panasonic Giga Factory 123

3.2.2 Tesla's CTO Wants To Take Batteries To A New Dimension 124

3.2.3 Tesla Charging Connector 125

3.2.4 Tesla Use Of Batteries To Store Renewable Power 125

3.3 Apple 126

3.3.1 Apple Shaped Batteries 127

4. Solid State Thin Film Lithium Battery Technology 129

4.1 Amount Of Energy A Battery Can Store 129

4.2 Solid State Thin Film Battery Soldering 129

4.2.1 Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs 132

4.3 Battery Breakthroughs 132

4.3.1 MIT Thin Film Battery 133

4.3.2 DOE ORNL Scientists Reveal Battery Behavior At The Nanoscale 134

4.3.3 Rice University and Lockheed Martin Use Silicon To Increase Capacity Of Lithium-Ion Batteries 138

4.3.4 Rice University50 Microns Battery 140

4.3.5 Next Generation Of Specialized Nanotechnology 141

4.4 Silicon Strategy For Batteries 142

4.5 c-Si Manufacturing Developments 144

4.5.1 Texturization 145

4.5.2 Emitter Formation 145

4.5.3 Metallization 146

4.5.4 Automation, Statistical Process Control (SPC), Advanced Process Control (APC) 147

4.5.5 Achieving Well-controlled Processes 147

4.5.6 Incremental Improvements 148

4.6 Impact Of Nanotechnology 149

4.6.1 Nanotechnology 149

4.6.2 Why Gold Nanoparticles Are More Precious Than Pretty Gold 151

4.6.3 Lithium Ion Cells Optimized For Capacity 152

4.6.4 Flat Plate Electrodes 153

4.6.5 Spiral Wound Electrodes 153

4.6.6 Multiple Electrode Cells 154

4.6.7 Fuel Cell Bipolar Configuration 154

4.6.8 Electrode Interconnections 155

4.6.9 Sealed Cells and Recombinant Cells 155

4.6.10 Battery Cell Casing 156

4.7 Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte 158

5. Thin Film Battery Company Profiles 160

5.1 Apple 160

5.2 Applied Materials 161

5.3 Blue Spark 162

5.3.1 Blue Spark Printed Battery Standard (ST) Series 164

5.3.2 Blue Spark Ultra Thin (UT) Printed Battery Series 166

5.3.3 Blue Spark Design & Manufacturing 168

5.4 Citic Guoan 168

5.4.1 MGL One Of The Biggest Cathode Material (LiCoO2) Manufacturers in China 168

5.4.2 MGL Total Battery Production Capacity 169

5.4.3 MGL Company Profile 169

5.5 Cymbet 171

5.5.1 Cymbet Team: 172

5.5.2 Cymbet Investors: 172

5.5.3 Cymbet Partners, Sales and Distribution: 173

5.5.4 Cymbet Manufacturing: 173

5.5.5 Cymbet High Volume Solid-State Battery Manufacturing Facility 174

5.5.6 Cymbet Partnering with X-FAB 175

5.5.7 Distribution Agreement EnerChip™ Eco-friendly Solid State Batteries 176

5.5.8 Cymbet EVAL-09 Utilizes Harnessing Ambient Energy 184

5.5.9 Cymbet $31 Million in Private Financing 185

5.6 Enfucell 185

5.6.1 EnfucellSoftBattery® 186

5.7 FlexEl 187

5.7.1 FlexEl Flexible Cell Challenge Addressed 190

5.7.2 FlexEl Rechargeable Solution 193

5.8 Front Edge Technology 194

5.8.1 Front Edge Technology Thin Film Battery Technical Information 195

5.9 GS Nanotech 203

5.10 GS Caltex / GS Yuasa 207

5.10.1 GS Battery (USA) Inc. 208

5.11 Guangzhou Markyn Battery Co. Polymer Lithium Ion Battery 209

5.11.1 Guangzhou Markyn Battery Co. 210

5.12 Imprint Energy 212

5.12.1 Imprint Energy Aims To Reshape The Battery Landscape 212

5.13 ITN Lithium Technology 213

5.13.1 ITN’s Lithium EC sub-Division Focused On Development And Commercialization of EC 214

5.13.2 ITN’s SSLB Division Thin-Film Battery Technology 215

5.13.3 ITN Lithium Air Battery 216

5.13.4 ITN Fuel Cell 218

5.13.5 ITN Thin-film Deposition Systems 220

5.13.6 ITN Real Time Process Control 221

5.13.7 ITN Plasmonics 225

5.13.8 ITN's Lithium Technology 226

5.13.9 ITN Lithium Electrochromics 228

5.14 Johnson Research Product Development 232

5.15 Kunshan Printed Electronics Ltd. 233

5.16 KSW Microtec 233

5.16.1 KSW Microtec Efficient Flexible, Producer of RFID Components 233

5.17 Matsushita / Panasonic / Sanyo / Sanyo Solar 234

5.18 NEC Corporation 234

5.18.1 NEC Group Vision 2017 235

5.1.1 NEC Printed Battery 235

5.18.2 NEC Develops Ultra-Thin Organic Radical Battery Compatible with IC Cards 236

5.18.3 NEC Radio tags 239

5.18.4 NEC RFID Tag 239

5.18.5 NEC Nanotechnology Thin And Flexible Organic Radical Battery (ORB) 242

5.18.6 NEC / Nissan / AESC (Automotive Energy Supply Corporation) 246

5.19 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 247

5.20 Oak Ridge Micro-Energy 250

5.20.1 Oak Ridge Micro-Energy, Inc. 251

5.20.2 Oak Ridge 105mm x 60mm 3.0 Ah Lithium Ion Ultra Safe Prismatic Cell 252

5.21 Paper Battery Company 256

5.21.1 Paper Battery PowerWrapper™ Supercapacitor 257

5.22 Leonhard Kurz / PolyIC 258

5.23 PolyPlus 259

5.23.1 Poly Plus Lithium Water 259

5.24 Prelonic Technologies 259

5.24.1 Prelonic Technologies Printed Batteries 260

5.25 Prelonic Technology 262

5.26 Prieto Battery 262

5.26.1 Prieto Battery 267

5.26.2 Prieto Battery Reducing The Thickness Of The Electrode Results In Lower Energy Capacity And Shorter Operating Time 268

5.26.3 Prieto Battery Nanowires Make Up The First Key Piece Of The Battery, The Anode 269

5.26.4 Proposed Architecture of the Prieto battery 269

5.27 ProLogium 272

5.27.1 ProLogium Solid-State LCB (Lithium Ceramic Battery) 273

5.27.2 ProLogium PLCB (Pouch Type- LCB) 275

5.27.3 ProLogium ELCB (Logithium) 278

5.28 ProtoFlex Thin Film Batteries 279

5.29 PS 280

5.30 Saft 280

5.30.1 Saft, Building For Future Growth 281

5.30.2 Attractive market positioning in high-end niche markets 281

5.31 Samsung 281

5.32 Solicore 282

5.33 Sony Corporation 284

5.33.1 Sony Technology 284

5.34 STMicroelectronics (NYSE:STM) 285

5.34.1 STMicroelectronics Product Technologies 287

5.34.2 ST Custom and Semi-Custom Chips 290

5.1.17 STM Application-Specific Standard Products (ASSPs) 291

5.34.3 ST Secure ICs 292

5.34.4 ST Application Specific Discretes (ASD™) 293

5.34.5 ST In-Check “Lab-on-Chip” 293

5.34.6 ST Multi-Segment Products 293

5.34.7 ST Microcontrollers 294

5.34.8 ST Smart Power Devices 294

5.34.9 ST Standard Linear and Logic 295

5.34.10 ST Discretes 295

5.34.11 ST Protection Devices 296

5.34.12 ST Sensors 296

5.34.13 ST RF 297

5.34.14 ST Real-time Clocks 297

5.1.2 STMicroelectronic EnFilm: Thin-film Batteries 297

5.35 Tesla 298

5.36 Texas Instruments (TXN:NYSE) 299

5.37 Umicore Thin Film Products 300

5.37.1 Umicore Materials Technology Group 301

5.38 VTT 302

5.39 Zibo Dison 303

5.40 Battery manufacturers 304

List of Tables and Figures

Table ES-1 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Driving Forces 26

Table ES-2 Smarter Computing Market Driving Forces 29

Table ES-3 Thin Film Battery Benefits 30

Table ES-4 Comparison Of Battery Performance 31

Figure ES-5 Thin Film Battery Energy Density 32

Figure ES-6 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2014 34

Figure ES-7 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Forecasts Dollars, Worldwide, 2015-2021 36

Table 1-1 Thin Film Battery Target Markets 40

Table 1-2 Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries 42

Table 1-3 Challenges in Battery and Battery System Design 43

Figure 1-4 Discharge of a Lithium Battery 52

Table 1-6 Characteristics Of Battery Cells 58

Table 2-1 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Driving Forces 61

Table 2-2 Smarter Computing Market Driving Forces 64

Table 2-3 Thin Film Battery Benefits 65

Table 2-4 Comparison Of Battery Performance 66

Figure 2-5 Thin Film Battery Energy Density 67

Figure 2-6 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2014 69

Table 2-7 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Shares, Dollars, Worldwide, 2014 70

Table 2-8 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Shares, Units and Dollars, Worldwide, 2014 71

Figure 2-9 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Forecasts Dollars, Worldwide, 2015-2021 73

Table 2-10 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market Forecasts Dollars, Worldwide, 2015-2021 74

Table 2-11 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market, Energy Harvesting, Power Bridging, and Wireless Sensor Networks, Forecasts Dollars, Worldwide, 2015-2021 75

Table 2-12 Solid State Thin Film Battery Market, Energy Harvesting, Power Bridging, and Wireless Sensor Networks, Forecasts, Percent, Worldwide, 2015-2021 76

Table 2-13 Solid State Battery Applications 77

Figure 2-14 Smarter Computing Depends on Instrumented Devices 80

Figure 2-15 Smarter Planet Impact on IT 81

Table 2-16 Thin Film Battery Unique Properties 84

Figure 2-17 Mouser Solid State Thin Film Battery Offerings 87

Table 2-18 Solid State Thin Film Battery Regional Market Segments, 2014 93

Table 2-19 SOlid State Thin Film Battery Regional Market Segments, 2014 94

Table 3-1 Cymbet Applications 97

Table 3-2 Cymbet EnerChip Industry Target Markets 99

Table 3-3 Cymbet Solid State Energy Storage Backup Target Markets 100

Figure 3-4 Cymbet EnerChip CBC3105-BDC: 102

Table 3-5 Cymbet EnerChip: Target Markets 103

Table 3-6 Cymbet Energy Harvesting Applications 105

Table 3-7 Cymbet EnerChips ROI 109

Table 3-8 Cymbet EnerChips Features 110

Table 3-9 Cymbet EnerChip Improve End-Product Sales 111

Table 3-10 Cymbet EnerChip Feature Sets 112

Table 3-11 Cymbet EnerChip CC Features 113

Table 3-12 Cymbet EnerChip Components 114

Figure 3-13 EnerChip RTC Uses an Embedded Energy Co-Package 116

Figure 3-14 EnerChip Bare Die Soldering 117

Table 3-15 Cymbet's EnerChip Benefits 120

Figure 3-16 Apple iWatch 126

Table 4-1 Solid-State Thin Film Battery Unique Properties 131

Figure 4-2 Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory Battery Behavior At The Nanoscale 134

Figure 4-3 Rice Researchers Advanced Lithium-Ion Technique has Microscopic pores that dot a silicon wafer 137

Figure 4-4 Rice University50 Microns Battery 140

Figure 4-5 Silver Nanoplates Decorated With Silver Oxy Salt Nanoparticles 142

Table 4-6 Approaches to Selective Emitter (SE) Technologies 146

Table 2-7 Comparison Of Battery Performances 157

Table 4-8 Common Household-Battery Sizes, Shape, and Dimensions 158

Figure 4-9 Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargeable Batteries 159

Table 5-1 Blue Spark Printed, Carbon-Zinc Battery Target Markets 163

Table 5-2 Blue Spark Printed Battery Target Markets 165

Table 5-3 Blue Spark printed battery Properties 166

Table 5-4 Blue Spark Ultra-Thin UT Batteries Form Factor Applications 167

Figure 5-5 Cymbet Elk River Manufacturing Facility 174

Figure 5-6 Cymbet Lubbock Texas Manufacturing Site 175

Figure 5-7 Authorized Distributors 177

Table 5-8 Enfucell SoftBattery Applications 187

Table 5-9 FlexEl Battery Solutions Products 188

Table 5-10 FlexEl Battery 189

Figure 5-11 FlexEl Primary Disposable Solution 191

Figure 5-12 FlexEl Disposable Battery Specifications 192

Figure 5-13 FlexEl Rechargable Battery Specifications 193

Table 5-14 Front Edge Technology Description 196

Table 5-15 GS NANOTECH 203

Figure 5-16 GS Nanotech Thin Film Battery 204

Figure 5-17 GS NANOTECH Thin Film Battery 204

Figure 5-18 GS Nanotech Nanotechnology 205

Table 5-19 GS NANOTECH Thin Film Battery Advantages 206

Figure 5-20 Guangzhou Markyn Battery Co. Polymer Lithium Ion Battery 209

Table 5-21 Guangzhou Markyn Battery Offerings 211

Table 5-22 Imprint Energy Battery Features 213

Table 5-23 ITN Technologies 217

Figure 5-24 ITN Thin Film Battery Technology 217

Figure 5-25 ITN Battery 219

Figure 5-26 ITN Thin-Film Deposition Systems 220

Figure 5-27 ITN’s Thin-Film Deposition Systems 221

Table 5-28 ITN Thin-Film Deposition Systems Products and Services Offered 223

Table 5-29 ITN Thin-Film Deposition Systems 224

Figure 5-30 ITNIYN Fuel Cells 226

Table 5-31 ITN’s SSLB Solid-State Lithium Battery Target Markets 229

Table 5-32 ITN’s SSLB Technology Advantages 230

Table 5-33 ITN Technologies 231

Figure 5-34 NEC Printed Battery 235

Figure 5-35 NEC ORB Thin, Flexible Battery Technology 238

Figure 5-36 NEC ORB Battery 240

Figure 5-37 NEC ORB Flexible Battery 241

Table 5-38 NEC Nanotechnology Thin And Flexible Organic Radical Battery (ORB) Characteristics Of The Technologies 243

Figure 5-39 NEC Organic Radical Battery 244

Table 5-40 Oak Ridge National Laboratory ORNL Advance Battery Materials And Processing Technology Contracts 248

Table 5-41 Oak Ridge National Laboratory And Battery Manufacturers Energy Materials Program Aspects 249

Figure 5-42 Oak Ridge Micro-Energy 251

Figure 5-43 Oak Ridge Micro-Energy Discharge of a Thin-Film Lithium Battery At Current Densities of 0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mA/cm2 253

Figure 5-44 Discharge of a thin-film lithium-ion battery at current densities of 0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mA/cm2 254

Figure 5-45 Ragone Plots Graph Of Energy vs. Power Per Unit Area Of The Cathode From The Discharge Data For The Lithium And Lithium-Ion Batteries 255

Figure 5-46 Poly IC Printed Electronics 258

Figure 5-47 Prelonic Technologies Chemical Systems 260

Figure 5-48 Prieto Battery 3D architecture 263

Figure 5-49 Prieto Battery Nanowires Li-ion Batteries Using A 3D Structure 270

Table 5-50 Prieto Battery Features 271

Figure 5-51 ProLogium Solid-State LCB (Lithium Ceramic Battery) Characteristics 274

Figure 5-52 Solicore Flexion Lithium Polymer Batteries 283

Table 5-53 Umicore Business Areas 300

Figure 5-54 Umicore Thin Film Products 301

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