Summary The Future of the Ice Cream Market in South Africa to 2019 is the result of Canadeans extensive market research. The report presents detailed analysis on the Ice Cream consumption trends in South Africa, historic and forecast Ice Cream consumption volumes and values at market and category level, brand share and distribution channel data. This report brings together Canadean Intelligences research, modeling and analysis expertise in order to develop uniquely detailed market data. This allows domestic and foreign companies to identify the market dynamics to account for Ice Cream sales overall and to know which categories and segments are showing growth in the coming years. Key Findings Why was the report written? - This report provides authoritative and granular data on the Ice Cream market in South Africa and, in doing so fills the gaps in marketers understanding of trends and the components of change behind them. - Based upon extensive primary and secondary research to provide comprehensive and granular data, this report allows marketers to confidently update their strategic and tactical plans. - Marketers... Research Beam Model: Research Beam Product ID: 244410 875 USD New
The Future of the Ice Cream Market in South Africa to 2019
 
 

The Future of the Ice Cream Market in South Africa to 2019

  • Category : Food and Beverages
  • Published On : May   2015
  • Pages : 72
  • Publisher : Canadean
 
 
 
Summary
The Future of the Ice Cream Market in South Africa to 2019 is the result of Canadeans extensive market research. The report presents detailed analysis on the Ice Cream consumption trends in South Africa, historic and forecast Ice Cream consumption volumes and values at market and category level, brand share and distribution channel data. This report brings together Canadean Intelligences research, modeling and analysis expertise in order to develop uniquely detailed market data. This allows domestic and foreign companies to identify the market dynamics to account for Ice Cream sales overall and to know which categories and segments are showing growth in the coming years.

Key Findings
Why was the report written?
- This report provides authoritative and granular data on the Ice Cream market in South Africa and, in doing so fills the gaps in marketers understanding of trends and the components of change behind them.

- Based upon extensive primary and secondary research to provide comprehensive and granular data, this report allows marketers to confidently update their strategic and tactical plans.

- Marketers need data on volume and value changes, brand dynamics and distribution trends in order to effectively plan strategies.

What are the key drivers behind recent market changes?
This report examines the components of change in the market by looking at historic and future growth patterns, including the effects of consumers behavior on total volumes, values, brands selected and types of product chosen.

What makes this report unique and essential to read?
The report provides the latest, detailed data on dynamics in South Africa Ice Cream market, providing marketers with the essential data to understand their own, and their competitors position in the market and the information to accurately identify where to compete in the future.

Synopsis
Detailed category coverage is provided, covering three product segments that include: Artisanal Ice Cream, Impulse Ice Cream, and Take-Home Ice Cream.

Detailed product sales segmentation (for both volumes and values) is provided, including brand data, and sales by distribution channel, at the product category level.

Future forecasts allow marketers to understand the future pattern of market trends from winners and losers to category dynamics and thereby quickly and easily identify the key areas in which they want to compete in the future.

Reasons To Buy
NA

Table Of Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 What is this Report About?
1.2 Definitions
1.2.1 This report provides 2014 actual sales; while forecasts are provided for 2015 - 2019
1.2.2 Category Definitions
1.2.3 Distribution Channel Definitions
1.2.4 Volume Units and Aggregations
1.2.5 CAGR Definition and Calculation
1.2.6 Graphical representation of Brands
1.2.7 Exchange Rates
1.2.8 Methodology Summary
2 South Africa Ice Cream Market Analysis, 2009-19
2.1 Ice Cream Value Analysis, 2009-19
2.1.1 Overall Ice Cream Market Value, 2009-19
2.1.2 Ice Cream Market Value by Category, 2009-19
2.1.3 Market Growth Dynamics by Value - Ice Cream, 2009-19
2.2 Ice Cream Volume Analysis, 2009-19
2.2.1 Overall Ice Cream Market Volume, 2009-19
2.2.2 Per-Capita Consumption - Ice Cream, 2009-19
2.2.3 Ice Cream Market Volume by Category, 2009-19
2.2.4 Market Growth Dynamics by Volume - Ice Cream, 2009-19
3 South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Analysis, 2009-19
3.1 Artisanal Ice Cream Value Analysis, 2009-19
3.1.1 Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Value, 2009-19
3.1.2 Average Consumer Price/Kg - Artisanal Ice Cream, 2009-19
3.1.3 Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Segments, 2009-19
3.2 Artisanal Ice Cream Volume Analysis, 2009-19
3.2.1 Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Volume, 2009-19
3.2.2 Artisanal Ice Cream Market Volume by Segments, 2009-19
3.3 Market Growth Dynamics - Artisanal Ice Cream, 2009-19
3.3.1 Artisanal Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Value, 2009-19
3.3.2 Artisanal Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Volume, 2009-19
3.4 Artisanal Ice Cream Market Analysis, 2009-19
3.4.1 Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Value, 2009-19
3.4.2 Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Volume, 2009-19
3.5 On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
3.5.1 On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
3.5.2 On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
3.6 Artisanal Ice Cream Brand Analysis, 2011-14
3.7 Artisanal Ice Cream Distribution Channel Analysis, 2011-14
4 South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Analysis, 2009-19
4.1 Impulse Ice Cream Value Analysis, 2009-19
4.1.1 Impulse Ice Cream Market by Value, 2009-19
4.1.2 Average Consumer Price/Kg - Impulse Ice Cream, 2009-19
4.1.3 Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Segments, 2009-19
4.2 Impulse Ice Cream Volume Analysis, 2009-19
4.2.1 Impulse Ice Cream Market by Volume, 2009-19
4.2.2 Impulse Ice Cream Market Volume by Segments, 2009-19
4.3 Market Growth Dynamics - Impulse Ice Cream, 2009-19
4.3.1 Impulse Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Value, 2009-19
4.3.2 Impulse Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Volume, 2009-19
4.4 Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
4.4.1 Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
4.4.2 Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
4.5 On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
4.5.1 On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
4.5.2 On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
4.6 Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
4.6.1 Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
4.6.2 Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
4.7 Impulse Ice Cream Brand Analysis, 2011-14
4.8 Impulse Ice Cream Distribution Channel Analysis, 2011-14
5 South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Analysis, 2009-19
5.1 Take-Home Ice Cream Value Analysis, 2009-19
5.1.1 Take-Home Ice Cream Market by Value, 2009-19
5.1.2 Average Consumer Price/Kg - Take-Home Ice Cream, 2009-19
5.1.3 Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Segments, 2009-19
5.2 Take-Home Ice Cream Volume Analysis, 2009-19
5.2.1 Take-Home Ice Cream Market by Volume, 2009-19
5.2.2 Take-Home Ice Cream Market Volume by Segments, 2009-19
5.3 Market Growth Dynamics - Take-Home Ice Cream, 2009-19
5.3.1 Take-Home Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Value, 2009-19
5.3.2 Take-Home Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Volume, 2009-19
5.4 Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
5.4.1 Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
5.4.2 Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
5.5 On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
5.5.1 On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
5.5.2 On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
5.6 Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Analysis, 2009-19
5.6.1 Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value, 2009-19
5.6.2 Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume, 2009-19
5.7 Take-Home Ice Cream Brand Analysis, 2011-14
5.8 Take-Home Ice Cream Distribution Channel Analysis, 2011-14
6 Appendix
6.1 About Canadean
6.2 Disclaimer
List Of Tables
Table 1: Category Definitions - Ice Cream Market
Table 2: Distribution Channel Definitions - Ice Cream Market
Table 3: Volume Units for Ice Cream Market
Table 4: South Africa Exchange Rate ZAR - USD (Annual Average) , 2009 - 2014
Table 5: South Africa Exchange Rate ZAR - USD (Annual Average) , 2015 - 2019 Forecast
Table 6: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 7: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 8: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Category, 2009-14
Table 9: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Category, 2014-19
Table 10: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Category, 2009-14
Table 11: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Category, 2014-19
Table 12: South Africa Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Category, by Value (ZAR m)
Table 13: South Africa Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 14: South Africa Per-capita Ice Cream Consumption (Kg/head and Y-o-Y growth) , 2009-19
Table 15: South Africa Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Category, 2009-14
Table 16: South Africa Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Category, 2014-19
Table 17: South Africa Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Category, by volume (Kg m)
Table 18: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 19: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 20: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Average Consumer Price (ZAR) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 21: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 22: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 23: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 24: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 25: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 26: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 27: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 28: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Value (ZAR m) , by Segments
Table 29: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Volume (Kg m) , by Segments
Table 30: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 31: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 32: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 33: South Africa On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 34: South Africa On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 35: South Africa On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 36: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Table 37: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (USD m) , 2011-14
Table 38: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Table 39: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (USD m) , 2011-14
Table 40: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 41: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 42: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Average Consumer Price (ZAR) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 43: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 44: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 45: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 46: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 47: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 48: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 49: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 50: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Value (ZAR m) , by Segments
Table 51: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Volume (Kg m) , by Segments
Table 52: South Africa Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 53: South Africa Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 54: South Africa Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 55: South Africa On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 56: South Africa On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 57: South Africa On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 58: South Africa Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 59: South Africa Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 60: South Africa Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 61: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Table 62: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (USD m) , 2011-14
Table 63: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Table 64: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (USD m) , 2011-14
Table 65: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 66: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 67: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Average Consumer Price (ZAR) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 68: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 69: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 70: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 71: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (USD m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 72: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Table 73: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2009-14
Table 74: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2014-19
Table 75: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Value (ZAR m) , by Segments
Table 76: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Dynamics: past and future growth rates (2009-14 and 2014-19) and market size (2009, 2014 and 2019) , by Volume (Kg m) , by Segments
Table 77: South Africa Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 78: South Africa Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 79: South Africa Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 80: South Africa On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 81: South Africa On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 82: South Africa On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 83: South Africa Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Table 84: South Africa Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (USD m) , 2009-19
Table 85: South Africa Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Table 86: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Table 87: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (USD m) , 2011-14
Table 88: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Table 89: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (USD m) , 2011-14
List Of Figures
Figure 1: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 2: South Africa Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Category, 2009-19
Figure 3: South Africa Ice Cream Market Dynamics, by Category, by Market Value, 2009-19
Figure 4: South Africa Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 5: South Africa Per-Capita Ice Cream Consumption (Kg/head and Y-o-Y growth) , 2009-19
Figure 6: South Africa Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Category, 2009-19
Figure 7: South Africa Ice Cream Market Dynamics, by Category, by Market Volume 2009-19
Figure 8: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 9: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Average Consumer Price (ZAR) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 10: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2009-19
Figure 11: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 12: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2009-19
Figure 13: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Value, 2009-19
Figure 14: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Volume, 2009-19
Figure 15: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 16: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 17: South Africa On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 18: South Africa On-Trade (Artisanal Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 19: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Figure 20: South Africa Artisanal Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Figure 21: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 22: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Average Consumer Price (ZAR) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 23: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2009-19
Figure 24: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 25: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2009-19
Figure 26: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Value, 2009-19
Figure 27: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Volume, 2009-19
Figure 28: South Africa Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 29: South Africa Dairy-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 30: South Africa On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 31: South Africa On-Trade (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 32: South Africa Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 33: South Africa Water-Based (Impulse Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 34: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Figure 35: South Africa Impulse Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Figure 36: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 37: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Average Consumer Price (ZAR) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 38: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value (ZAR m) by Segments, 2009-19
Figure 39: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) and Growth (Y-o-Y) , 2009-19
Figure 40: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Volume (Kg m) by Segments, 2009-19
Figure 41: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Value, 2009-19
Figure 42: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Growth Dynamics by Volume, 2009-19
Figure 43: South Africa Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 44: South Africa Dairy-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 45: South Africa On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 46: South Africa On-Trade (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 47: South Africa Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Value (ZAR m) , 2009-19
Figure 48: South Africa Water-Based (Take-Home Ice Cream) Market by Volume (Kg m) , 2009-19
Figure 49: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Brands (ZAR m) , 2011-14
Figure 50: South Africa Take-Home Ice Cream Market Value by Distribution Channel (ZAR m) , 2011-14
PURCHASE OPTIONS
 
 
 

How can we help you?

Contact us at the Consulting WP office nearest to you or submit a business inquiry online.


  Contact
 

Subscribe to Our Newsletter

 
 
REQUEST SAMPLE    ASK FOR DISCOUNT