This report studies the global Medical Pressure Sensors market status and forecast, categorizes the global Medical Pressure Sensors market size (value & volume) by manufacturers, type, application, and region. This report focuses on the top manufacturers in North America, Europe, Japan, China, India, Southeast Asia and other regions (Central & South America, and Middle East & Africa).
The global Medical Pressure Sensors market is valued at xx million US$ in 2017 and will reach xx million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of xx% during 2018-2025.
The major manufacturers covered in this report
TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties)
Honeywell
NXP+ Freescale
Amphenol
Infineon
First Sensor AG
TDK EPCOS
Edwards Lifesciences
Smiths Medical
Argon
ICU Medical
Merit Medical Systems
Biosenor International
Geographically, this report studies the top producers and consumers, focuses on product capacity, production, value, consumption, market share and growth opportunity in these key regions, covering
North America
Europe
China
Japan
India
Southeast Asia
Other regions (Central & South America, Middle East & Africa)
We can also provide the customized separate regional or country-level reports, for the following regions:
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
Asia-Pacific
China
India
Japan
South Korea
Australia
Indonesia
Singapore
Rest of Asia-Pacific
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Spain
Russia
Rest of Europe
Central & South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Rest of Middle East & Africa
On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into
MEMS Medical Pressure Sensors
Medical Pressure Transduce
By Application, the market can be split into
Respiratory Devices
Patient Monitors Devices
Diagnostics/Analytical Equipment
Surgical Instruments
Other
The study objectives of this report are:
To analyze and study the global Medical Pressure Sensors capacity, production, value, consumption, status (2013-2017) and forecast (2018-2025);
Focuses on the key Medical Pressure Sensors manufacturers, to study the capacity, production, value, market share and development plans in future.
Focuses on the global key manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the market competition landscape, SWOT analysis.
To define, describe and forecast the market by type, application and region.
To analyze the global and key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks.
To identify significant trends and factors driving or inhibiting the market growth.
To analyze the opportunities in the market for stakeholders by identifying the high growth segments.
To strategically analyze each submarket with respect to individual growth trend and their contribution to the market.
To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.
In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Medical Pressure Sensors are as follows:
History Year: 2013-2017
Base Year: 2017
Estimated Year: 2018
Forecast Year 2018 to 2025
For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2017 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered.
Key Stakeholders
Medical Pressure Sensors Manufacturers
Medical Pressure Sensors Distributors/Traders/Wholesalers
Medical Pressure Sensors Subcomponent Manufacturers
Industry Association
Downstream Vendors
Available Customizations
With the given market data, QYResearch offers customizations according to the company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:
Regional and country-level analysis of the Medical Pressure Sensors market, by end-use.
Detailed analysis and profiles of additional market players.
Table of Contents
Global Medical Pressure Sensors Market Professional Survey Report 2018
1 Industry Overview of Medical Pressure Sensors
1.1 Definition and Specifications of Medical Pressure Sensors
1.1.1 Definition of Medical Pressure Sensors
1.1.2 Specifications of Medical Pressure Sensors
1.2 Classification of Medical Pressure Sensors
1.2.1 MEMS Medical Pressure Sensors
1.2.2 Medical Pressure Transduce
1.3 Applications of Medical Pressure Sensors
1.3.1 Respiratory Devices
1.3.2 Patient Monitors Devices
1.3.3 Diagnostics/Analytical Equipment
1.3.4 Surgical Instruments
1.3.5 Other
1.4 Market Segment by Regions
1.4.1 North America
1.4.2 Europe
1.4.3 China
1.4.4 Japan
1.4.5 Southeast Asia
1.4.6 India
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Medical Pressure Sensors
3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
4 Global Medical Pressure Sensors Overall Market Overview
4.1 2013-2018E Overall Market Analysis
4.2 Capacity Analysis
4.2.1 2013-2018E Global Medical Pressure Sensors Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis
4.2.2 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Capacity Analysis (Company Segment)
4.3 Sales Analysis
4.3.1 2013-2018E Global Medical Pressure Sensors Sales and Growth Rate Analysis
4.3.2 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Analysis (Company Segment)
4.4 Sales Price Analysis
4.4.1 2013-2018E Global Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price
4.4.2 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment)
5 Medical Pressure Sensors Regional Market Analysis
5.1 North America Medical Pressure Sensors Market Analysis
5.1.1 North America Medical Pressure Sensors Market Overview
5.1.2 North America 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.1.3 North America 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis
5.1.4 North America 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Share Analysis
5.2 Europe Medical Pressure Sensors Market Analysis
5.2.1 Europe Medical Pressure Sensors Market Overview
5.2.2 Europe 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.2.3 Europe 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis
5.2.4 Europe 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Share Analysis
5.3 China Medical Pressure Sensors Market Analysis
5.3.1 China Medical Pressure Sensors Market Overview
5.3.2 China 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.3.3 China 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis
5.3.4 China 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Share Analysis
5.4 Japan Medical Pressure Sensors Market Analysis
5.4.1 Japan Medical Pressure Sensors Market Overview
5.4.2 Japan 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.4.3 Japan 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis
5.4.4 Japan 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Share Analysis
5.5 Southeast Asia Medical Pressure Sensors Market Analysis
5.5.1 Southeast Asia Medical Pressure Sensors Market Overview
5.5.2 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.5.3 Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis
5.5.4 Southeast Asia 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Share Analysis
5.6 India Medical Pressure Sensors Market Analysis
5.6.1 India Medical Pressure Sensors Market Overview
5.6.2 India 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.6.3 India 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Analysis
5.6.4 India 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Share Analysis
6 Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales by Type
6.2 Different Types of Medical Pressure Sensors Product Interview Price Analysis
6.3 Different Types of Medical Pressure Sensors Product Driving Factors Analysis
6.3.1 MEMS Medical Pressure Sensors Growth Driving Factor Analysis
6.3.2 Medical Pressure Transduce Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7 Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption by Application
7.2 Different Application of Medical Pressure Sensors Product Interview Price Analysis
7.3 Different Application of Medical Pressure Sensors Product Driving Factors Analysis
7.3.1 Respiratory Devices of Medical Pressure Sensors Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.2 Patient Monitors Devices of Medical Pressure Sensors Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.3 Diagnostics/Analytical Equipment of Medical Pressure Sensors Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.4 Surgical Instruments of Medical Pressure Sensors Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.5 Other of Medical Pressure Sensors Growth Driving Factor Analysis
8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
8.1 TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties)
8.1.1 Company Profile
8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.1.2.1 Product A
8.1.2.2 Product B
8.1.3 TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties) 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.1.4 TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties) 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.2 Honeywell
8.2.1 Company Profile
8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.2.2.1 Product A
8.2.2.2 Product B
8.2.3 Honeywell 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.2.4 Honeywell 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.3 NXP+ Freescale
8.3.1 Company Profile
8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.3.2.1 Product A
8.3.2.2 Product B
8.3.3 NXP+ Freescale 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.3.4 NXP+ Freescale 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.4 Amphenol
8.4.1 Company Profile
8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.4.2.1 Product A
8.4.2.2 Product B
8.4.3 Amphenol 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.4.4 Amphenol 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.5 Infineon
8.5.1 Company Profile
8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.5.2.1 Product A
8.5.2.2 Product B
8.5.3 Infineon 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.5.4 Infineon 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.6 First Sensor AG
8.6.1 Company Profile
8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.6.2.1 Product A
8.6.2.2 Product B
8.6.3 First Sensor AG 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.6.4 First Sensor AG 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.7 TDK EPCOS
8.7.1 Company Profile
8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.7.2.1 Product A
8.7.2.2 Product B
8.7.3 TDK EPCOS 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.7.4 TDK EPCOS 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.8 Edwards Lifesciences
8.8.1 Company Profile
8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.8.2.1 Product A
8.8.2.2 Product B
8.8.3 Edwards Lifesciences 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.8.4 Edwards Lifesciences 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.9 Smiths Medical
8.9.1 Company Profile
8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.9.2.1 Product A
8.9.2.2 Product B
8.9.3 Smiths Medical 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.9.4 Smiths Medical 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.10 Argon
8.10.1 Company Profile
8.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.10.2.1 Product A
8.10.2.2 Product B
8.10.3 Argon 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.10.4 Argon 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.11 ICU Medical
8.12 Merit Medical Systems
8.13 Biosenor International
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors Market
9.1 Global Medical Pressure Sensors Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast
9.1.2 Global 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price Forecast
9.2 Medical Pressure Sensors Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Forecast
9.2.2 Europe 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Forecast
9.2.3 China 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Forecast
9.2.4 Japan 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Forecast
9.2.5 Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Forecast
9.2.6 India 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Forecast
9.3 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Trend (Application)
10 Medical Pressure Sensors Marketing Type Analysis
10.1 Medical Pressure Sensors Regional Marketing Type Analysis
10.2 Medical Pressure Sensors International Trade Type Analysis
10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Medical Pressure Sensors by Region
10.4 Medical Pressure Sensors Supply Chain Analysis
11 Consumers Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
11.1 Consumer 1 Analysis
11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis
11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis
11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis
12 Conclusion of the Global Medical Pressure Sensors Market Professional Survey Report 2017
Methodology
Analyst Introduction
Data Source
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Picture of Medical Pressure Sensors
Table Product Specifications of Medical Pressure Sensors
Table Classification of Medical Pressure Sensors
Figure Global Production Market Share of Medical Pressure Sensors by Type in 2017
Figure MEMS Medical Pressure Sensors Picture
Table Major Manufacturers of MEMS Medical Pressure Sensors
Figure Medical Pressure Transduce Picture
Table Major Manufacturers of Medical Pressure Transduce
Table Applications of Medical Pressure Sensors
Figure Global Consumption Volume Market Share of Medical Pressure Sensors by Application in 2017
Figure Respiratory Devices Examples
Table Major Consumers in Respiratory Devices
Figure Patient Monitors Devices Examples
Table Major Consumers in Patient Monitors Devices
Figure Diagnostics/Analytical Equipment Examples
Table Major Consumers in Diagnostics/Analytical Equipment
Figure Surgical Instruments Examples
Table Major Consumers in Surgical Instruments
Figure Other Examples
Table Major Consumers in Other
Figure Market Share of Medical Pressure Sensors by Regions
Figure North America Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
Figure Europe Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
Figure China Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
Figure Japan Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
Figure Southeast Asia Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
Figure India Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) (2013-2025)
Table Medical Pressure Sensors Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors in 2017
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Medical Pressure Sensors
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Medical Pressure Sensors
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
Table Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
Table R&D Status and Technology Source of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
Table Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global Medical Pressure Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2017
Table Global Capacity, Sales , Price, Cost, Sales Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Volume) and Growth Rate
Figure Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Value) and Growth Rate
Table 2013-2018E Global Medical Pressure Sensors Capacity and Growth Rate
Table 2017 Global Medical Pressure Sensors Capacity (K Units) List (Company Segment)
Table 2013-2018E Global Medical Pressure Sensors Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate
Table 2017 Global Medical Pressure Sensors Sales (K Units) List (Company Segment)
Table 2013-2018E Global Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Table 2017 Global Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit) List (Company Segment)
Figure North America Capacity Overview
Table North America Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure North America 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure North America 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Market Share
Figure Europe Capacity Overview
Table Europe Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure Europe 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure Europe 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Market Share
Figure China Capacity Overview
Table China Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure China 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure China 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Market Share
Figure Japan Capacity Overview
Table Japan Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure Japan 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure Japan 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Market Share
Figure Southeast Asia Capacity Overview
Table Southeast Asia Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure Southeast Asia 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure Southeast Asia 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Market Share
Figure India Capacity Overview
Table India Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors 2013-2018E
Figure India 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure India 2017 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Market Share
Table Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales (K Units) by Type
Table Different Types Medical Pressure Sensors Product Interview Price
Table Global 2013-2018E Medical Pressure Sensors Sales (K Units) by Application
Table Different Application Medical Pressure Sensors Product Interview Price
Table TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties) Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties) Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 TE Connectivity (Measurement Specialties) Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table Honeywell Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 Honeywell Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 Honeywell Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table NXP+ Freescale Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 NXP+ Freescale Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 NXP+ Freescale Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table Amphenol Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 Amphenol Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 Amphenol Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table Infineon Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 Infineon Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 Infineon Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table First Sensor AG Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 First Sensor AG Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 First Sensor AG Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table TDK EPCOS Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 TDK EPCOS Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 TDK EPCOS Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table Edwards Lifesciences Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 Edwards Lifesciences Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 Edwards Lifesciences Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table Smiths Medical Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 Smiths Medical Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 Smiths Medical Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table Argon Information List
Table Product Overview
Table 2017 Argon Medical Pressure Sensors Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2017 Argon Medical Pressure Sensors Business Region Distribution
Table ICU Medical Information List
Table Merit Medical Systems Information List
Table Biosenor International Information List
Figure Global 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Global 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Global 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast
Figure North America 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure China 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Europe 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Southeast Asia 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Japan 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure India 2018-2025 Medical Pressure Sensors Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Table Global Sales Volume (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors by Type 2018-2025
Table Global Consumption Volume (K Units) of Medical Pressure Sensors by Application 2018-2025
Table Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of Medical Pressure Sensors by Region
